This should decrease the number of allocations before main is entered
significantly, but complicates the code somewhat in return.
Assuming I used `massif` right, doing just `SelfTest --list-tests`
went from 929 allocations at "Remove gcc-4.9 from the travis builds"
(2 commits up), to 614 allocations with this commit.
Now it no longer tries to be this weird hybrid between an owning
and non-owning reference, and is only ever non-owning. This is also
reflected in its interface, for example `StringRef::isNullTerminated`
is now public, and `StringRef::c_str()` has the precondition that it
is true.
Overview of the changes:
* The `StringRef::m_data` member has been completely removed, as it
had no more uses.
* `StringRef::isSubstring()` has been made public and renamed to
`StringRef::isNullTerminated()`, so that the name reflects what the
method actually does.
* `StringRef::currentData()` has been renamed to `StringRef::data()`,
to be in line with common C++ containers and container-alikes.
* `StringRef::c_str()` will no longer silently make copies. It instead
has a precondition that `isNullTerminated()` is true.
* If the user needs a null-terminated string, they should use the
`std::string` conversion operator and call `c_str()` on the resulting
`std::string`.
* Some small optimizations in various places.
* Basic functionality is now `constexpr`.
This way it is explicit when there is a `StringRef` -> `std::string`
conversion and makes it easier to look for allocations that could
be avoided.
Doing this has already removed one allocation per registered test
case, as there was a completely pointless `StringRef` -> `std::string`
conversion when parsing tags of a test case.
This fixes an issue where a self-assignment of a StringRef copy would point into internally (and now dangling) data.
(now self-assignment check is no longer needed)
This allows reducing the amount of friends needed for its interface
and some extra tricks later.
The bad part is that the pointer can become invalidated via
calls to other StringRef's public methods, but c'est la vie.
