Prevent warnings
- gnu: -Wcomment: multi-line comment
- clang: -Wweak-vtables 'class' has no out-of-line virtual method definitions; its vtable will be emitted in every translation unit
- clang: -Winconsistent-missing-override: 'method' overrides a member function but is not marked 'override'
- MSVC: C4702: unreachable code
This also goes for pkg-config installed by our CMake installation.
This includes
* Updating CMake version on Travis
* Adding a `Catch2` subfolder to the `single_include/` folder to
provide this include path both _inside_ the repository, and _outside_.
* Updated examples to build with the new paths
* Other general CMake cleanup
