This was originally motivated by `REQUIRE((a <=> b) == 0)` no
longer compiling using MSVC. After some investigation, I found
that they changed their implementation of the zero literal
detector from the previous pointer-constructor with deleted
other constructors, into one that uses `consteval` constructor
from int.
This breaks the previous detection logic, because now
`is_foo_comparable<std::strong_ordering, int>` is true, but
actually trying to compare them is a compile-time error...
The solution was to make the decomposition `constexpr` and rely
on a late C++20 DR that makes it so that `consteval` propagates
up through the callstack of `constexpr` functions, until it either
runs out of `constexpr` functions, or succeeds.
However, the default handling of types in decomposition is to
take a reference to them. This reference never becomes dangling,
but because the constexpr evaluation engine cannot prove this,
decomposition paths taking references to objects cannot be
actually evaluated at compilation time. Thankfully we already
did have a value-oriented decomposition path for arithmetic types
(as these are common linkage-less types), so we could just
explicitly spell out the `std::foo_ordering` types as also being
supposed to be decomposed by-value.
Two more fun facts about these changes
1) The original motivation of the MSVC change was to avoid
trigering a `Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant` warning. I still
do not believe this was a good decision.
2) Current latest version of MSVC does not actually implement the
aforementioned C++20 DR, so even with this commit, MSVC cannot
compile `REQUIRE((a <=> b) == 0)`.
Also split out helpers for testing matcher ranges (types whose
begin/end/empty/etc require ADL lookup, types whose iteration
uses iterator + sentinel pair, etc) into their own file.
This is primarily done to support new `std::*_ordering` types,
but the refactoring also supports any other type with this
property.
The compilation overhead is surprisingly low. Testing it with
clang on a Linux machine, compiling our SelfTest project takes
only 2-3% longer with these changes than it takes otherwise.
Closes#2555
